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Korean Cancer Study Group 
Webzine Vol.25  SEP 2022 
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KCSG ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ์†Œ๊ฐœ

โ–ถ KCSG HN17-11
A Phase II Study of Nivolumab Plus Gemcitabine in Patients with Recurrent or Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma (KCSG HN17-11)

Clin Cancer Res. 2022 Jul 12 (Online ahead of print)

 

์ œ1์ €์ž ์ •ํ˜„์•  (์‚ผ์„ฑ์„œ์šธ๋ณ‘์›)

 

Q. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์€?

๋น„์ธ๋‘์•”์˜ 1์ฐจ ๊ณ ์‹์  ๋ชฉ์ ์˜ ํ•ญ์•” ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ํ‘œ์ค€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๋ฐฑ๊ธˆ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ•ญ์•”์ œ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด์— ์‹คํŒจํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ํ›„์† ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์ด ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋ฐ˜์‘๋ฅ  ๋ฐ ์ƒ์กด๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ถˆ๋Ÿ‰ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œํŽธ ๋น„์ธ๋‘์•”์€ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์ ์ธ Epstein-Barr virus์™€ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋œ ์ข…์–‘์œผ๋กœ, PD-L1 expression์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„์ธ๋‘์•”์—์„œ ๋ฐฑ๊ธˆ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ•ญ์•”์ œ์— ์‹คํŒจํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๋ฉด์—ญ ๊ด€๋ฌธ ์–ต์ œ์ œ ๋‹จ๋… ์š”๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์–ด ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ, pembrolizumab์ด 25.9%์˜ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ๋ฐ˜์‘๋ฅ ๊ณผ 6.5 ๊ฐœ์›”์˜ ๋ฌด์ง„ํ–‰ ์ƒ์กด๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ , toripalimab์€ 23.9%์˜ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ๋ฐ˜์‘๋ฅ ๊ณผ 1.9 ๊ฐœ์›”์˜ ๋ฌด์ง„ํ–‰ ์ƒ์กด๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Gemcitabine๋„ ๋น„์ธ๋‘์•”์—์„œ ๋ฐฑ๊ธˆ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ•ญ์•”์ œ์— ์‹คํŒจํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•ญ์•”์ œ๋กœ 34%์˜ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ๋ฐ˜์‘๋ฅ ๊ณผ 5.1๊ฐœ์›”์˜ ๋ฌด์ง„ํ–‰ ์ƒ์กด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค€ ์•ฝ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


Q. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€?

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฑ๊ธˆ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ•ญ์•”์ œ์— ์‹คํŒจํ•œ ๋น„์ธ๋‘์•”์—์„œ nivolumab๊ณผ gemcitabine ์น˜๋ฃŒ์˜ ์œ ํšจ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณ„ํš๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , 1์ฐจ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋ฌด์ง„ํ–‰ ์ƒ์กด๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด๋ฉฐ, 2์ฐจ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ๋ฐ˜์‘๋ฅ , ์ „์ฒด ์ƒ์กด๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์•ˆ์ •์„ฑ ํ‰๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


Q. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•?

Nivolumab 3mg/kg ์™€ gemcitabine 1250mg/m2๋ฅผ 2์ฃผ๊ฐ„๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์˜ ์ง„ํ–‰, ์‚ฌ๋ง, ํ˜น์€ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ค‘๋‹จ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€, ์ตœ๋Œ€ 1๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ง€์†ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํš๋“๋œ ์กฐ์ง์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ํ™˜์ž์—์„œ๋Š” molecular biomarker test๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•˜์—ฌ whole-exome sequencing (WES)๊ณผ whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS), Lunit SCOPE IO๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ immune phenotype analysis๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


Q. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ?

์ „๊ตญ 8๊ฐœ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์—์„œ 36๋ช…์˜ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋“ฑ๋ก์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , 36.1%์˜ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ๋ฐ˜์‘๋ฅ ๊ณผ 13.8 ๊ฐœ์›”์˜ ๋ฌด์ง„ํ–‰ ์ƒ์กด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ™˜์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ nivolumab๊ณผ gemcitabine ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” tolerable ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , 3๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ณ ํ˜ˆ์••(2.8%), ๋นˆํ˜ˆ (2.8%) ๋“ฑ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2๋ช…์˜ ํ™˜์ž๊ฐ€ gemcitabine์˜ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋‚˜, nivolumab์˜ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ํˆฌ์•ฝ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•œ ํ™˜์ž๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.  22๋ช…์˜ ํ™˜์ž์—์„œ WES ์™€ WTS๋ฅผ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , high somatic copy number alteration (>3 points)์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ nivolumab๊ณผ gemcitabine ์น˜๋ฃŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ๋ฐ˜์‘๋ฅ ์ด ๋‚ฎ๊ณ , ๋ฌด์ง„ํ–‰ ์ƒ์กด ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„๋„ ์—ด๋“ฑํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 24๋ช…์˜ ํ™˜์ž์—์„œ๋Š” Lunit SCOPE IO๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•œ immune phenotype analysis๋ฅผ ํ•˜์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ, high immune-excluded immune phenotype (>9.0%) ํ™˜์ž์—์„œ ๊ฐ๊ด€์  ๋ฐ˜์‘๋ฅ ๊ณผ ๋ฌด์ง„ํ–‰ ์ƒ์กด๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ด ์—ด๋“ฑํ•จ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


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Q. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ง์€?

๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 2017๋…„ methodology workshop์—์„œ ๋ฐœํ‘œํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์„ผํ„ฐ ์—…๋ฌด์™€ ํ†ต๊ณ„ ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜์˜€๋˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์‹œ๋†‰์‹œ์Šค๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ๋ฐ ๋ถ„์„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ์‹  KCSG ํšŒ์› ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํšŒ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ์ง„ํ–‰๊ณผ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ”ผ๋“œ๋ฐฑ ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ , ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นจ ์ฃผ์‹  ๊ณต๋™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜๋„ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ideal ํ•œ KCSG์˜ role ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ faculty์˜ role์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šด์ด ์ข‹๊ฒŒ๋„ KCSG์˜ ์ง€์›๋„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ , SGI ๋ฐ Lunit์˜ ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์„œ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ , ์ด๋Œ์–ด ์ฃผ์‹  ๊น€๋ฒ”์„ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹˜๊ป˜๋„ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ ๋ง์”€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.